Gender Norms, Socio-Organizational Ergonomics, and Female Labor Force Participation in South Asia

Socio-organizational ergonomics encompasses workplace social and cultural factors that influence inclusion, performance, and well-being. Gender-based socio-organizational ergonomics has both microeconomic and macroeconomic implications. In this context, underutilization of women’s economic potential, evidenced by low female labor force participation, emerges as a critical factor that compromises sustainable growth in developing countries. To study the phenomenon, we examined the impact of gender norms on socio-organizational ergonomics and female labor force participation in South Asia. Qualitative data from in-depth interviews with 20 female participants are thematically analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s TA framework. Our findings highlight that socio-organizational ergonomics in South Asia is deeply influenced by gender norms that manifest in the exploitation of female workers, stereotypes of female frailty, womanhood penalty, work-life conflict, and workplace policy abuse. The socio-culturally entrenched norms reinforce male dominance to limit the economic potential of women, negatively influencing the achievement of sustainable economic growth and development. Our findings signal the urgent need for targeted policies and practices that ensure a rewarding work and workplace experience for female workers. The findings have implications for policymakers, economists, development practitioners, and organizations committed to promoting inclusive, equitable, and sustainable economic frameworks in line with the 2030 Agenda.