Simulation study on the safety of coke oven sheds under emergency conditions

This study investigates the safety of a fully enclosed shed system for 7m top-charging coke ovens under abnormal raw gas discharge conditions through numerical simulations, focusing on scenarios involving sudden raw gas release during blower shutdowns or plant-wide power outages without ignition. Results demonstrate that abrupt raw gas discharge generates critical thermal-pressure accumulation at the bleeder apex, with peak temperatures of 612 K, static pressure extremes reaching 50 Pa, and localized raw gas mass fractions up to 0.543, indicating imminent explosion risks. While 2 m/s crosswind perturbations amplify flow field turbulence, their impact on system-wide safety thresholds remains marginal. Proposed structural optimizations integrating emergency dispersion curtains and apex ventilation units achieve temperature reductions from 390 K to 325 K in the roof zone, stabilize static pressure fluctuations within 0-10 Pa, and lower gas mass fractions to 0.0087. Simultaneously, the bleeder apex exhibits mitigated temperature peaks at 560 K and controlled static pressure extremes below 15 Pa, markedly improving system safety margins. These findings offer practical solutions for fugitive emission control in coking operations, advancing industry objectives for ultra-low emissions and sustainable green development.