The neurobiological regulatory mechanism of brain edema

Cerebral edema is a common pathological condition associated with a variety of neurological disorders, and its development involves numerous neurobiological mechanisms. This review explores the neurobiological regulatory mechanisms underlying cerebral edema, including the disruption of the blood–brain barrier, inflammatory responses, alterations in vascular permeability, and intracellular edema. We will investigate the formation mechanisms of cerebral edema under different pathological states and discuss potential therapeutic strategies, aiming to provide insights for clinical treatment. Current research highlights the complexity of the interactions between these mechanisms and the need for targeted interventions to mitigate the impact of cerebral edema on patient outcomes. This review aims to synthesize existing knowledge and encourage further exploration in this critical area of neuroscience, ultimately contributing to more effective management of cerebral edema.