EVALUATION OF BLOCKCHAIN NODE SECURITY AGAINST ECLIPSE ATTACKS AND TROJAN MALWARE USING DIFFERENTIAL GAME MODELS

Blockchain technology is a modern breakthrough in information systems. It has significantly influenced the banking sector by transforming classical approaches to financial transactions, where banks acted as mandatory intermediaries. Today, blockchain has become a foundation of the digital economy. It is also applied in defense and social domains. The high market value of blockchain assets, such as tokens and cryptocurrencies, has recently attracted strong interest from both governmental actors (often from sanctioned states) and non‑governmental cyber groups, as well as individual hackers seeking illegal profit. To achieve this, they conduct cyberattacks against blockchain nodes and entire networks. Attempts to infect blockchain systems with malicious software are also common. This article focuses on evaluating the security of blockchain nodes against Eclipse attacks and Trojan malware. The study applies differential game models based on Markov chains. This approach allows formalizing the probabilities of blockchain node states under the influence of Eclipse Attacks and Trojan Malware using Kolmogorov-Chapman differential equations. To obtain analytical and numerical estimates of security levels, the article employs a differential game method based on non-Taylor differential transformations developed by academician G. Pukhov. The novelty of the results lies in advancing mechanisms of blockchain cybersecurity by selecting optimal defense strategies for nodes exposed to Eclipse Attacks or Trojan Malware. The obtained security estimates provide a scientific basis for practical recommendations on protecting blockchain technology from other dangerous types of cyberattacks and malicious software.