LaNiO₃ perovskite-carbon composites for high sensitive nonenzymatic glucose sensing

Continuous glucose monitoring is essential for effective diabetes management, necessitating the development of high-performance and reliable non-enzymatic glucose sensors. In this study, LaNiO 3 perovskite was synthesized using the sol-gel method, and the influence of calcination temperature on its structural and electrochemical properties was systematically investigated. Electrochemical performance toward glucose oxidation was assessed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and amperometry. Among the prepared samples, LaNiO 3 calcined at 900 ℃ (LNO900) exhibited the highest electrochemical activity. Integration with conductive carbon materials significantly enhanced sensor performance. The LNO900/CNT (multi-walled carbon nanotubes, MWCNT) composite achieved a high sensitivity of 1474.44 µA.mM −1 .cm −2 and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 14.91 µM within a glucose concentration range of 0 – 1.0 mM. Similarly, the LNO900/VC (Vulcan carbon) composite also demonstrated strong performance, with a sensitivity of 1015.56 µA.mM −1 .cm −2 within the same range. The optimized sensor showed excellent selectivity against common interfering species and delivered stable, reproducible responses in rabbit plasma. These findings point out the strong potential of LaNiO 3 −carbon composites as efficient and practical platforms for non-enzymatic glucose sensing. • LaNiO₃ perovskites were integrated with MWCNT or VC for glucose sensing. • LNO900/CNT and LNO900/VC (5:1) exhibited superior activity with < 10 s response. • LNO900/CNT achieved the highest sensitivity of 1474.44 µA.mM –1 .cm –2 .