Conservation, study, and utilization in breeding of the genetic resources of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW for fruit, nut, berry, ornamental flower crops and grapes

Abstract. As a result of the research conducted in the reporting year, the genetic collection of fruit, berry, nut and ornamental flower crops was preserved in the scientific institution in the amount of 1708 samples and replenished with 49 new varieties. 4 donors of valuable traits for breeding were selected, including: 1 apple tree with scab immunity (Rvi6 gene) – 12/2-21-56; 1 strawberry with neutral-day fruiting – Aromas; 2 grapes with powdery mildew resistance (Ren3 and Ren9 genes) – Vagra and Tana 74. New knowledge about polymorphic DNA markers has been obtained, and the most promising markers for apple varieties and hybrids have been identified: CH02b10, CH05e03, CH02b07, CH03d01; for domestic plum varieties: BPPCT034, BPPCT014, BPPCT025. 36 sources of orchard crops have been identified based on 16 economically valuable traits. 11 elite forms have been selected: 2 apple trees, 2 pears, 2 quinces, 1 walnut, 1 sweet cherry, 1 cherry, and 2 strawberries. 15 varieties of orchard crops and grapes have been selected for ecological variety testing in the North Caucasus region. 28 unique DNA passports (fingerprints) of grapes and apple trees have been developed, which will allow for the identification of varieties and the control of the varietal purity of planting material. The "Database of the Allelic State of the Rvi6 Gene for Scab Resistance in Apple Tree Genotypes" has been developed. The following varieties have been submitted for state variety testing: 1 variety of the Nartovskoye apple tree (bred by the FSBSI NCFSCHVW in collaboration with the AllRussian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding), and 1 variety of the Platnirovskiy walnut of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW breeding. Two patent applications have been submitted for the Nartovskoye apple variety and the Platnirovskiy walnut variety; the registration certificate of the database "Economic and Valuable Characteristics of Cherry Varieties Adapted to the Conditions of Southern Russia" (No. 2025623898 dated 18.09.2025) has been received. Key words: gene pool of fruit, berry, nut, flower crops, variety Financing source: The research was carried out within the State Task of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for the FSBSI NCFSCHVW.