The Evolution of the Non-Profit Sector in Russia: Regional Ranking Experience and Development Trends of the Third Sector

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the transformation of the non-profit sector (NPS) across the regions of the Russian Federation based on the Region–NPO ranking (2020–2025). The aim of the study is to identify, through this analytical instrument, key changes in the development of socially oriented non-profit organizations (SONPOs), major trends in the formation of the third sector, and the factors influencing these processes. Drawing on eight ranking criteria and 54 indicators, the paper examines structural transformations within the non-profit sector, the evolving interaction between SONPOs and key stakeholders, changes in support mechanisms, and the specific features of regional third-sector ecosystems. Particular attention is paid to the reduction of interregional disparities and the formation of sustainable development models. The study explores the principal trends in the development of sectoral infrastructure, financial sustainability, and citizen engagement in non-profit activities, as well as the dynamics in the number of organizations. The findings make it possible to identify promising directions for governmental and civic support, as well as to determine success factors and regional typologies of development.