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This study investigates the influence of macro- and microfertilizers on the quality indicators of corn green mass for different maturity groups of hybrids during 2021–2023. The research was conducted on medium-early (Amaros, Bogatyr) and mid-season (KWS 381, Carifols) hybrids under varying levels of mineral fertilization (control, N90P60K60, N120P90K90) combined with micronutrient treatments. The chemical composition of the green mass was determined at the wax ripeness stage, including starch, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, crude fiber, cellulose, and hemicellulose content. The results revealed a consistent improvement in the quality of corn green mass with increasing rates of mineral fertilizers. The application of N120P90K90 ensured the highest accumulation of starch and crude protein across all studied hybrids, while simultaneously reducing crude fiber content, which is a key indicator of better digestibility and feed value. In medium-early hybrids, starch content increased to 33.5–33.9% and crude protein to 8.2–8.7%, whereas crude fiber decreased to approximately 19.0–22.5%. In mid-season hybrids, the improvements were even more pronounced: starch content reached 36.7–38.0%, crude protein 9.3–9.8%, and crude fiber decreased to 20.3–22.1%. Micronutrient application had a supplementary positive effect on quality parameters, contributing to slight increases in protein and starch content and improving structural carbohydrate composition. However, its influence was less significant compared to macronutrient fertilization. Among the studied variants, the best experimental treatment was the application of N120P90K90 combined with micronutrient treatment (seed treatment with complex micronutrient fertilizers followed by foliar application at the 3–5 leaf stage), particularly in the mid-season hybrid Carifols. This variant provided the highest starch content (up to 38.0%), elevated crude protein levels (up to 9.8%), and the lowest crude fiber content (around 20.3%), indicating superior nutritional quality and suitability for high-energy feed or biogas production. In general, mid-season hybrids demonstrated higher productivity of quality indicators compared to medium-early ones, confirming their greater potential for forming nutritionally valuable biomass under optimized fertilization conditions.