Repurposing Antidiabetic Agents as Potential Therapeutics in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status and Future Perspectives

This review focuses on preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological studies that demonstrate the therapeutic potential of antidiabetic drugs for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative disorders are a significant public health concern with a rising global prevalence. These conditions are progressive and heterogeneous, substantially reducing quality of life and imposing a considerable burden on healthcare systems and society. The increase in disability, morbidity, and mortality associated with these diseases occurs in parallel with the aging of the global population. Due to their complex etiology and progressive nature, neurodegenerative diseases present significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Current treatments are often limited to alleviating cognitive and/or motor symptoms and are largely insufficient in slowing, halting, or preventing disease progression. Consequently, there is an urgent need for novel therapies that can enhance neuronal function and impede the progression of underlying disease processes. Recent evidence from scientific studies has revealed important links between diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to guide future research by providing an up-to-date overview of the effects of antidiabetic agents on neurodegenerative diseases.