Evaluation of the radioprotective potential of fumaric acid, 3-hydroxypyridine fumarate and deanol aceglumate under the action of γ-radiation, protons and 12C ions on human cells

The relevance of the research of new radioprotectors is due to the need to protect healthy tissues during radiation therapy. Existing drugs have serious side effects, which requires the search for safer and more effective analogues. The aim of the work is a comparative analysis of the radioprotective efficacy of three promising compounds – fumaric acid, 3-hydroxypyridine fumarate and deanol aceglumate in vitro. Tasks: to determine non-toxic concentrations of compounds, to evaluate their protective effect under different types of radiation (gamma quanta, protons, 12 C ions), to compare the effect on normal (fibroblasts Fb-hTERT) and tumor (neuroblastoma SK-N-BE(2)) cells. Materials and Methods : the study was conducted on cultures of cells under the influence of ionizing radiation of different quality: gamma quanta (60Co), protons and accelerated 12 C ions. Optimal concentrations have been established: fumaric acid – 400 μmol, 3-hydroxypyridine fumarate – 200 μmol, deanol aceglumate – 1000 μmol. Incubation time is 24 hours. Results and Discussion : It was shown that all compounds showed a significant radioprotective effect on gamma radiation (1-12 Gy) for fibroblasts; the protective effect was also observed on tumor cells. There was no radioprotective effect when irradiated with protons and 12 C ions. Deanol aceglumate has demonstrated the greatest effectiveness. Conclusion : The study confirmed the prospects of deanol aceglumate and other compounds as radioprotectors under gamma irradiation. Their use can reduce damage to healthy tissues during radiation therapy. However, no protective effect has been detected for protons and heavy ions, which requires further study.