High Dense Cell Patches from Acoustically Assisted 3D Bioprinting for Wound Healing

ABSTRACT Tissue engineering technique exhibits considerable therapeutic potential in skin injuries treatment. Current efforts in this area mainly focus on improving the cells diversity, density and spatial distribution to enhance therapeutic effects. Here, we proposed an innovative tissue engineering high dense cell patches from acoustically assisted three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting for wound healing. Three types of cells, including bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), dermal fibroblasts (DFs), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), were doped in bioinks and bio‐printed into three hierarchical layers of patches, respectively. Benefiting from the eddy induced by surface acoustic waves during the printing process, these cells in bioinks could be controllably manipulated and aggregate to form hydrogel layer with high density. Besides, they exhibited satisfying spatial organization, viability and proliferation behavior in the hydrogel scaffolds. Thus, the patches could sustainably and adequately release various bioactive agents to the healing wound sites, aiding in lowering inflammatory responses, promoting cell migration, increasing collagen deposition, and inducing angiogenesis. These features indicated that our proposed high dense cell patches would have great potential in the field of biomedical application, especially in tissue engineering and wound management.