STEM methodology in higher education: current trends, innovation and interdisciplinary learning

Higher education has adopted STEM methodology as a comprehensive approach that combines pedagogical innovation, interdisciplinary learning, and the development of transversal skills. The effective implementation of STEM enhances technical skills, creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, and problem-solving, preparing students to face scientific, technological, and social challenges. The reviewed research highlights the importance of ongoing teacher training, interdisciplinary curriculum design, collaborative assessment, project-based learning, and community engagement. Furthermore, the integration of practical experiences, case studies, and community service programs fosters the application of knowledge, strengthens self-efficacy, and promotes inclusion and equity in diverse contexts. Together, these strategies solidify STEM education as a transformative educational model, capable of producing competent, adaptable professionals committed to innovation and social responsibility.