The Role of Women in Islamic History: A Perspective on Family, Society, and Modern Challenges

Abstract This study examines the social role of women in the family and society from a Qur’anic perspective, considering the challenges they face in reconciling professional pursuits with traditional maternal responsibilities, as well as the influence of modern feminist movements on the Islamic concept of the family. The research emphasizes that humans are created as God’s vicegerents on Earth, and this role establishes equality and responsibility for both men and women within the family and society, grounded in the normative principles derived from the Qur’an and the Sunnah. The study combines a textual analysis of Qur’anic teachings with an empirical survey conducted among Muslim women in Kosovo to assess perceptions of feminism and its impact on family roles. Findings indicate a cautious and conditional attitude toward modern feminist principles, highlighting tensions between traditional family expectations and evolving gender dynamics influenced by education, employment, and social engagement of women. The results underscore the need for structured scholarly dialogue, educational initiatives, and contextually grounded approaches to integrate selected feminist principles without compromising the ethical and normative foundations of Islamic teachings.