Prospects for fighting food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa using underutilised crops: the case for fluted pumpkin

BackgroundSub-Saharan Africa is blessed with tropical conditions that support agriculture and food production, yet food insecurity is prevalent in the region. Tackling malnutrition (which results partly from food insecurity) requires improvements in agricultural output and the nutritional quality of the foods consumed. Certain underutilised species of food crops are not just environmentally resilient but also offer opportunities for bridging the nutrient deficit in sub-Saharan Africa. Sadly, the dominance of global food production by the major cereals has diverted attention from indigenous crop species.ObjectiveThis paper reviews the literature on fluted pumpkin, Telfairia occidetalis Hook f., an underutilised species whose seeds are rich sources of nutrients.MethodsThe English language literature available online was mined for published articles on fluted pumpkin, using appropriate keywords. Boolean operators were used to delineate the search output. Identified papers were cross-checked for relevance.ResultsThe literature included shows that fluted pumpkin grows well in the tropics, is resilient to climate variability, and requires minimal input after planting. The protein and carbohydrate contents of fluted pumpkin seeds compare favourably with those of soybean, but it has a higher fat content. The seeds are rich in vitamins and minerals. They are therefore a rich source of macro- and micronutrients.ConclusionGiven the nutritional profile of fluted pumpkin seeds, investing in research to increase their production and utilisation, and adopting favourable policies, willcontribute significantly to ensuring food security in sub-Saharan Africa.