Harnessing the power of Sacha inchi leaf extract against fruit anthracnose disease

Anthracnose disease, primarily caused by Colletotrichum species, poses significant challenges to fruit production, resulting in serious global economic losses. While chemical fungicides are effective, their environmental and health risks underscore the need for sustainable alternatives. This study evaluated the antifungal potential of Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) leaf ethanol extract against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. scovillei, and C. acutatum. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis identified 20 chemical constituents, including bioactive compounds such as unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids known for their antimicrobial properties. In vitro assays demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition of mycelial growth, with complete suppression of C. gloeosporioides at 500 mg · l–1. The antifungal activity is likely attributed to the extract’s ability to disrupt fungal cell membranes and interfere with metabolic pathways. These findings support the potential of Sacha inchi leaf extract as a promising, eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides in the management of anthracnose disease in fruit crops. Further research into its field application, synergistic effects, and mechanisms of action is warranted to enhance its integration into sustainable crop protection strategies.