Validity of KNO scaling of charged particles in UrQMD simulated pp collisions at √s=2.76- 13 TeV

Abstract This paper investigates the validity of KNO scaling in UrQMD simulated proton-proton(pp) collisions at √s=2.76 TeV,7 TeV and 13 TeV . The analysed data points are found to lie approximately on the universal curve with A=4.61.0.12 and B=2.190.07. The obtained simulation results are further compared with the experimental measurements reported by the ALICE and the CMS collaborations, demonstrating good consistency and providing insight into the energy dependence of particle production in high-energy pp collisions.