La reserva en la indagación patrimonial de extinción de dominio y vulneración del debido proceso de los afectados, Lima centro, 2024

This study examines the influence of excessive reserve in the patrimonial inquiry phase of the asset forfeiture process and its impact on the procedural guarantees of owners in Central Lima during 2024. Through a quantitative analysis with 50 specialists in constitutional and criminal law, a Spearman coefficient of 0.921 was obtained, indicating a strong relationship between the confidentiality of this phase and the violation of procedural rights, especially the right to a fair trial. The findings reveal that the confidential nature of the investigative phase prevents owners from exercising their right to an effective defense, limiting their ability to demonstrate the legitimacy of their assets and exercise the burden of proof. This situation generates an inequality in the procedural weapons, leaving the owners in a position of defenselessness and violating their constitutional guarantees. The study concludes that there is an urgent need to reform legislation to ensure greater transparency and access to information in the investigative phase, ensuring that owners can defend their rights from the beginning of the process and thus strengthen justice and trust in the judicial system.