Structural analysis of the tissue subjected to the technique of facial adipostructuring: A histological study

Objectives: Aging affects dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT), causing an unbalanced facial distribution, with areas of fat loss and others with increased fat volume. Facial adipostructuring (FA) seeks to restore facial harmony without removing fat, using cannulas and active ingredients that reverse cellular senescence in adipose and dermal cells, stimulating collagen and elastin production. This study histologically evaluates the effects of FA on facial dermal and adipose structure. Material and Methods: 30 biopsies from patients aged 35–65 years, treated with three sessions of FA in Bogotá during 2024, were analyzed. 22 and 27-gauge cannulas were used to redistribute adipose tissue and active ingredients of the Facestructure protocol. Samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome stain to observe changes in the dermis, epidermis, hypodermis, and collagen fibers (CFs). Observations were made using a Zeiss optical microscope and a 10MP Canon camera. Results: Post-treatment biopsies showed clear differentiation between papillary and reticular dermis, an increase in dermal papillae, an increased thickness of the connective tissue septum, a higher density of CF, and keratinocyte proliferation in the epidermis. There was also evidence of an increased number of adipocytes per mm 2 , with smaller diameters and better organization. These changes indicate tissue regeneration and overall structural improvement. Conclusion: The FA technique promoted cell regeneration and tissue reorganization, increasing CF and thickening fatty spaces. It is concluded that mechanical stimulation with cannulas is essential to achieve these effects, surpassing mesotherapy alone. dWAT proves to be a key component in biostimulation and facial rejuvenation.