Cognitive health and quality of life among older adults: a community-based cross-sectional study

Background: The ageing population is rapidly increasing, especially in countries like India. Cognitive health is essential for independence, and its decline can reduce quality of life (QoL). This study assessed cognitive health, QoL, and their relationship among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to August 2025 among 200 adults aged ≥60 years in selected communities of the Delhi-NCR region using convenience sampling. Cognitive health was assessed with the Mini-Cog tool, and quality of life was measured using the CASP-19 scale. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews after informed consent, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including Chi-square tests and Pearson’s correlation. Results: The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 39%. Most participants (57%) reported a moderate level of quality of life, while 32% had a high QoL. A significant positive correlation was observed between cognitive health and quality of life (r=0.388, p<0.001). Cognitive health showed no significant association with demographic variables, whereas quality of life was significantly associated with place of residence. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of older adults exhibited early cognitive impairment, which was significantly associated with quality of life. Routine community-based screening for cognitive health may facilitate early intervention and improve quality of life among the elderly.