Numerical Study and Optimization of Energy-Efficient Electro-Thermal De-Icing for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

In this study, we explored an electro-thermal de-icing system that minimizes ice accumulation while optimizing energy efficiency for drones operating at various altitudes. The research introduced an ideal heating schedule for a wing de-icing system by tailoring heating cycles to different flight altitudes. The heat flux is adjusted to maintain the surface temperature at 273 K, with a ±5 K margin to prevent temperature extremes. Two empirical formulas were developed to calculate the appropriate heat flux for each heating cycle, ensuring effective de-icing performance at varying altitudes. This approach eliminates the need for onboard sensors, as only the required heat flux value needs to be input to achieve effective de-icing.