LC-MS/MS Metabolomics and Pharmaco-Chemical Characterization of Acacia arabica (Lam.) Willd Seeds

This study reported the metabolomics and pharmaco-chemical characterisation of Acacia arabica (Lam.) Willd seeds based on microscopic, proximate analysis, phytochemical assessment, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), UV-vis Spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). Powder microscopy revealed that Arabica seed powder free from foreign matter, and it contains lignified cell walls. Proximate analysis revealed that the seeds of Arabica contain more carbohydrate 84.48± 0.80% and dry matter (94.0 ±0.60%), and few amounts of protein (6.80 ± 0.50), fiber (4.40 ± 0.10%) ash (4.32 ± 1.20%) and fat (2.2 ± 0.80%). The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that methanolic extract have proteins, phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, fat and oils. And the seed powder did not reveal the presence of any heavy metal contamination. Total twenty chemical constituents were identified with the help of accurate molecular weights, fragmentation pathways. The phytosteroids are major chemical constituents present in the seed extract. Asparacosin A, Galphimin B, Cabralealactone, Cathasterone, and Stigmastan-4,22, -diene-6-one are belonging to this group. The chemical compositions of the investigated samples might be responsible for their medicinal values. The computed studies on its molecular structure revealed that most constituents in the methanolic extracts had good drug-likeness and bioavailability for oral administration. Therefore, this pharmaco-chemical profiling can be useful for quality determination as well as pharmacological properties of Acacia seeds.