Most Common Complications after Miniscrews Placement in Orthodontic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the frequency of the most common complications after mini-screw insertion. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics, Khyber College of Dentistry, from October 20, 2022, to March 20, 2023. Ninety-one participants aged 14-30 years, in the permanent dentition stage and requiring absolute anchorage, were included. Discomfort and mobility of miniscrews were assessed using questionnaires administered immediately after insertion and 24 hours later. Participants were instructed on completing the questionnaire and asked to return the completed forms. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for analysis. RESULTSThe mean age was 21.04 ± 4.38 years (range: 14-30), with 54 females (59.34%) and 37 males (40.66%). Immediately after miniscrew placement, 16 (17.58%) reported severe pain, 29 (31.87%) moderate, and 46 (50.55%) mild. After 24 hours, severe pain reduced to 12 (13.19%), moderate to 26 (28.57%), and mild increased to 53 (58.24%). Discomfort during movement was reported by 17 (18.68%), speech difficulty by 10 (10.99%), swelling by 17 (18.68%), and redness by 19 (20.88%). Miniscrews were mobile in 14 (15.38%) and loose in 12 (13.19%). Significant associations were found between age group and mobility (p=0.001), looseness (p=0.003), and postoperative swelling/redness (p=0.033), with younger patients showing higher rates. CONCLUSION Miniscrews are associated with pain and discomfort in all patients, with the majority experiencing mild to moderate pain and a smaller proportion reporting severe pain. Mobility of miniscrews is more common in younger age groups.