Effect Of Conventional Exercises Vs Advanced Calf Muscle Pump Training On Grade 1 Deep Vein Thrombosis In Bed Ridden Patients

Introduction: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious vascular condition commonly observed in bedridden patients, characterized by the formation of blood clots in the deep veins of the lower limbs. Immobility, prolonged bed rest, and weakened calf muscle function contribute to venous stasis, increasing the risk of clot formation and potential complications such as pulmonary embolism. Early-stage or grade 1 DVT presents a critical window for intervention, where timely rehabilitation can prevent progression and associated morbidity. Conventional exercises, including ankle pumps, leg lifts, and passive range-of-motion activities, are routinely used to enhance venous return and reduce stasis. Advanced calf muscle pump training focuses on targeted activation of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, aiming to maximize venous return and improve overall lower limb circulation more effectively. Comparing these two exercise approaches in bedridden patients with grade 1 DVT is essential to identify the most effective strategy for preventing clot progression, promoting venous flow, and supporting functional recovery Methods: This experimental intervention study was conducted at KVV among bedridden patients diagnosed with grade 1 deep vein thrombosis. A total of 82 participants were selected using purposive sampling. Pre- and post-intervention assessments of venous flow and calf muscle performance were conducted, and data were analyzed descriptively. Results: Among 82 bedridden patients with grade 1 deep vein thrombosis, pre-test assessment showed 76% had reduced calf muscle pump efficiency and 70% demonstrated impaired venous flow. Post-intervention results revealed a 55% improvement in venous return, 60% enhancement in calf muscle pump performance, and reduced signs of venous stasis in 58% of participants, demonstrating the effectiveness of advanced calf muscle pump training. Conclusion: This study concludes that advanced calf muscle pump training significantly improves venous return, enhances calf muscle performance, and reduces signs of venous stasis in bedridden patients with grade 1 deep vein thrombosis. Implementing these exercises may serve as an effective and preventive strategy for managing early DVT