Severe Sporadic Primary Hyperparathyroidism Masquerading as Hyperparathyroidism Jaw Tumor Syndrome

ABSTRACT Jaw lesions are rare in Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and often mimic odontogenic tumors or syndromic conditions such as hyperparathyroidism Jaw Tumor (HPT‐JT) syndrome. We describe a 29 years old Ethiopian woman who presented with an 8‐month history of progressive left maxillary swelling and a 3‐year history of lower leg pain. Imaging revealed an expansile lesion in the left maxilla and multiple cortical lesions in the tibia and fibula. She later developed symptomatic hypercalcemia; primary hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed. She developed hungry bone syndrome after undergoing parathyroidectomy, which required aggressive calcium and vitamin D supplementation. She was discharged with improvement of clinical and lab parameters.