Emergent Spacetime from Information Loss under Coarse-Graining

Spacetime is usually regarded as a fundamental structure underlying physical laws. We investigate an alternative perspective in which spacetime geometry and causal structure arise from limits on accessible information. By modeling observation as a coarse-graining process acting on microscopic quantum states, we show that statistical distinguishability naturally induces a geometric structure. Irreversible information loss introduces a preferred direction associated with entropy flow, which under suitable conditions leads to an effective distinction between temporal and spatial directions. A simple model illustrates how such a structure can emerge from an underlying non-spatiotemporal description. The framework provides a conceptually unified link between quantum information, thermodynamics, and spacetime structure, and suggests possible connections to cosmological phenomena.