Expression of matrix metalloproteinases in exosomes in sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity

The study of plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitor (TIMP-1) in patients with sarcopenia of varying severity, taking into account metabolic disorders and sarcopenic obesity has been conducted. In this study, sarcopenia was accompanied by sarcopenic obesity in 75% of cases. The level of the total MMP2 pool in extracellular vesicles was increased in the group of patients with isolated sarcopenia (p<0.05), whereas in patients with sarcopenic obesity, the concentration of the total MMP2 pool remained stable. Furthermore, the level of MMP2+9+TIMP- was elevated in patients with presarcopenia. As the disease progressed, the content of MMP2+9+TIMP- in exosomes decreased in the group of patients with sarcopenic obesity. In the sarcopenic obesity subgroup, patients showed a statistically significant increase in C-peptide levels (p=0.01). It was found that obesity and hyperglycemia associated with insulin resistance influence the redistribution of matrix metalloproteinases. Specifically, a decrease in the level of MMP9+2+TIMP- exosomes was revealed during the transition from presarcopenia to sarcopenia in patients with sarcopenic obesity.