Review on the Integration of Biochar and Internet of Things (IoT) for Atmospheric Carbon Sequestration

The continuous increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is a major factor affecting climate change. Biochar, a product realized from pyrolysis of biomass feed with abundant carbon, has gained researchers’ interests for long-term mitigation of greenhouse gases and sequestration of atmospheric carbon. This study reviews recent literature on the properties, production, and biochar’s potential in the sequestration of atmospheric carbon. It was reviewed that the application of biochar from rice husk, corn stover, sugarcane bagasse, sawdust, and animal manure to the field at the rates of 10, 12, 15, 8, and 10t/ha, will reduce the emission of greenhouse gases by 20, 50, 40, 18, and 55%, respectively. The current trends of incorporating IoT for the monitoring of real-time soil and climate carbon dynamics were also investigated. The review revealed that the adoption of biochar and IoT technologies provides sustainable, scalable, and transparent approaches to sequestration of atmospheric carbon.