Association between Body Mass Index and Clinical Features of Fibroadenoma Mammae in Hospitals at Jakarta and Tangerang in 2020-2024

Background: Fibroadenoma mammae (FAM) is the most common benign breast tumor in women of reproductive age. Although generally non-malignant, its presentation as a palpable lump often causes concern among patients. Several risk factors have been associated with the development and clinical behavior of FAM, including hormonal, genetic, and environmental factors. Among these, body mass index (BMI) has been suggested as a potential modifier of tumor characteristics. However, studies exploring the association between BMI and the clinical presentation of FAM, particularly in the Indonesian population, remain limited. This study aims to evaluate the association between BMI and clinical characteristics of FAM, specifically tumor location, number, and size. Methods: This was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design involving 269 female patients diagnosed with FAM at two hospitals in Jakarta and Tangerang, conducted from 2020 to 2024. Inclusion criteria were women with a confirmed diagnosis of FAM based on ultrasound and/or histopathological findings. Clinical characteristics such as tumor location, number, and size were recorded. BMI was classified according to WHO standards. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, with a significance level set at p 0.05. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24.0.Results: The majority of patients had a normal BMI and were within the productive age range. Most FAM cases presented as solitary tumors smaller than 3 cm located in one breast. A statistically significant association was found between BMI and tumor size (p = 0.0001), with overweight-obese individuals more likely to present with larger tumors. However, no significant association was observed between BMI and either the number or location of tumors (p 0.05).Conclusions: TThis study highlights a significant association between BMI and the size of FAM, suggesting that increased body weight may influence tumor growth. Future research should use prospective study designs that specifically collect and analyze data on potential confounders to determine whether BMI is an independent predictor of FAM size. These findings underline the importance of considering BMI in clinical evaluation and patient counseling.