Ultrahigh Polarization-Temperature-Stability 0.95PZ–0.05BMN Ferroelectrics for Energy Conversion Application

Ferroelectric materials offer promising prospects for explosive energy conversion applications owing to their capability to deliver extremely high pulsed power. Unfortunately, the disadvantage of polarization temperature stability especially under a harsh environment poses a significant challenge to application. In this work, we report a 0.95PbZrO₃-0.05Ba(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃ ferroelectric ceramic that simultaneously exhibits a high remnant polarization (<i>P</i>_r) of ∼35.3 μC/cm² and outstanding polarization temperature stability (i.e., less than 5.1% in a large temperature range from 30 °C to 110 °C). <i>In-situ</i> structural analyses, designed to elucidate the physical mechanisms underlying <i>P</i>_r temperature stability, reveal that ultrahigh temperature stability is due to a stable single rhombohedral phase with an ordered lattice structure, in accordance with a stable oxygen octahedron tilt up to the Curie temperature (∼200 °C). Finally, the pressure-driven ferroelectric-antiferroelectric phase transition depolarization behaviors under hydrostatic pressure and shock compression were achieved from an application perspective. The proposed composition of 0.95PbZrO₃-0.05Ba(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃ provides not only a promising material for energy harvesting and energy conversion applications, but also a paradigm for the design of other ferroelectric materials with ultrahigh polarization temperature stability.