Comprehensive Assessment Model for Navigation Safety Risks in Area of Offshore Wind Farm

To address the challenge of assessing regional system safety risks in the context of the large-scale, clustered development of offshore wind farm regions, this study focuses on China’s coastal offshore wind farm regions and constructs a comprehensive safety risk assessment model for offshore wind farm regions based on multi-spatio-temporal coupling. In this model, we first identify risk factors in offshore wind farm regions from a four-dimensional perspective encompassing people, machinery, environment, and management, and introduce a multi-spatio-temporal coupling factor to optimize the indicator system. Next, we use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the weighting of each assessment indicator, and then combine this with the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method to establish a comprehensive safety risk assessment model for offshore wind farm regions regions. Finally, we apply this model to the risk assessment of a real coastal wind power region. The results indicate that, at the present time, the overall risk level of a specific offshore wind farm regions area is classified as "moderate risk." This assessment model can effectively quantify the dynamic coupled risks in offshore wind farm regions areas, providing a theoretical basis and technical support for the planning, layout, and safety supervision of offshore wind farms.