Risk Factors for Recurrence of Barley or Chalazion: an Interdisciplinary Approach to the Problem

Thus, the study demonstrated that both styes and chalazions are 2.1 times more likely to recur than non-recurring cases. Stye and chalazion were most frequently detected in patients with a history of cosmetic procedures in the periorbital area, followed in descending order by patients with skin diseases and complicated somatic conditions, primarily gastrointestinal diseases. Data analysis is aimed for studying the influence of risk factors on the occurrence of styes revealed clinically significant differences: styes (an acute inflammatory process of the meibomian glands) occur 19.2 % more frequently in patients with a history of cosmetic procedures in the periorbital area, primarily in patients who had eyelash extensions (the difference in rates in this subgroup was 20.3 %). Stye provoked by primary cosmetic procedures is often not recurrent, while skin diseases in patients with stye increase the recurrence rate by 22.4 %, and an aggravated somatic status, in particular gastrointestinal diseases, by 65.2 % at p < 0.001. The data obtained through the use of artificial intelligence programs in studying the influence of the significance of risk factors for chalazion development showed that, according to the SHAP values in the LightGBM model, the following factors had the greatest influence on the development of recurrent chalazion (in descending order): blepharoplasty (1.23), gastrointestinal diseases (0.89), autoimmune diseases (0.52), botulinum toxin (0.48), and a history of allergic reactions (0.25). The obtained data can allow routing the patient for additional examination and treatment by specialists, which will increase the effectiveness of the therapy.