Industrial, infrastructural and social determinants of the formation of agrohabs in the regions of Kazakhstan

In the context of the increasing spatial differentiation of agricultural development and the need to switch to a growth model with higher added value, the task of scientific substantiation of the territorial location of agricultural farms in the regions of Kazakhstan is being actualized. The purpose of the study is to analyze the dynamics of the development of the regions of Kazakhstan and determine the prerequisites for the formation of agrohabs based on industrial, infrastructural and social determinants. The methodological framework includes descriptive statistical analysis, normalization of indicators using the min-max method, and calculation of an integral index. The typologization of the regions was carried out using the quartile method, and a socially oriented SWOT diagnosis was additionally carried out for regions with high and medium potential levels. The information base was the official data of the Bureau of National Statistics and the National Bank for the period 2010-2024. The results showed that during the analyzed period, gross agricultural output increased from 1.82 trillion tenge to 8.31 trillion tenge (an increase of 4.56 times; average annual rate of 11.5%), while employment decreased from 2.29 million to 1.03 million people and labor productivity increased from 0.79 to 8.09 million tenge per employee. The integral index revealed a pronounced regional differentiation: the highest values were recorded in Turkestan (0.80), Almaty (0.69), Akmola (0.66) and North Kazakhstan (0.65) regions, the lowest in Mangystau (0.37) and Ulytau (0.10) regions. The results obtained confirm the need for a differentiated regional policy and the use of integrated assessment as a tool for strategic planning of agrohabs.