Coral physiological and biological data collected during acute exposures in static incubation chambers in Hawaii from June 2023 to January 2025

This dataset contains carbonate chemistry, physiological response, and incubation measurements from controlled static incubations of two Hawaiian coral species, Montipora capitata (branching and plating morphologies, urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:287697) and Pocillopora acuta (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:759099). Corals were exposed to a series of experimental seawater chemistry treatments designed to independently manipulate proton concentration and carbonate ion availability through adjustments to total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon. Treatments spanned ambient conditions as well as elevated and reduced total alkalinity, elevated and reduced pH, and combinations of altered pH and alkalinity. For each treatment, seawater parameters were measured, including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH on the total scale, total alkalinity, bicarbonate, carbonate ion concentration, pCO2, dissolved inorganic carbon, and aragonite saturation state. Coral incubations were conducted under static conditions to quantify changes in carbonate chemistry associated with coral metabolic activity and to assess species- and morphology-specific calcification responses across distinct carbonate system states. This dataset supports the evaluation of the Proton Flux Hypothesis and Coral Metabolism Model by providing detailed carbonate chemistry conditions and coral responses across a spectrum of experimentally generated seawater states.