Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as an Inflammatory Marker Associated with Stroke Severity in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Observational Study

Stroke is a major cause of disability and mortality in India, occurring as ischemic or hemorrhagic. Platelets drive thrombosis and inflammation, while lymphocytes exert anti-inflammatory effects. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) reflects these opposing mechanisms. This study evaluated PLR in acute ischemic stroke and its correlation with 'National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)'. A prospective observational study was conducted at Sri ManakulaVinayagar Medical College, Puducherry (January-December 2023). Sixty-four acute ischemic stroke patients were evaluated. NIHSS was recorded, and PLR calculated from complete blood counts at admission and after five days. Most patients were above 45 years (87.5%) and male (60.9%). Dyslipidemia (65.6%) and diabetes mellitus (64.1%) were the commonest comorbidities. The middle cerebral artery was most frequently affected (48.4%). PLR showed a significant positive correlation with NIHSS at admission and day five. PLR is a simple, cost-effective marker for predicting stroke severity and outcomes, aiding management decisions.