Association between obesity and lipid profile

Objective: To analyze the association between obesity and lipid profile in patients followed in a retrospective cohort study. Methods: An analytical observational study based on electronic medical records of 216 adults with obesity hospitalized for treatment at a specialized hospital in Bahia, Brazil, between 2016 and 2022. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, and lipid profile parameters (total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, and triglycerides) were assessed at hospital admission and discharge. Paired statistical tests were applied, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Significant reductions were observed in body weight, body mass index, fat mass, body fat percentage, and waist-to-hip ratio (p < 0.001). Improvements in lipid profile were also identified, with significant reductions in triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-c levels (p < 0.001), while HDL-c levels remained stable. Conclusion: Weight loss achieved during hospital-based treatment was associated with significant improvements in anthropometric parameters and lipid profile, highlighting the relevance of structured obesity management strategies for cardiovascular risk reduction.