HEART STRUCTURE AND ITS DISEASES

This article analyzes the anatomical structure of the heart, its main components, and the structure of the pericardium. The heart is one of the most important organs of the body and serves as the central organ of the circulatory system. The article provides a concise anatomical description of the heart’s atria, ventricles, valves, and conduction system. Furthermore, the article highlights the pericardial layer surrounding the heart and its physiological significance. In addition, the causes, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of pericardial inflammation—pericarditis—are discussed, along with its effects on cardiac function. The study results contribute to a deeper understanding of heart anatomy and pericardial diseases and hold significant relevance for medical practice.