State Management of Family Migration Processes to the Russian Federation: A Risk-Based Approach

This article presents the results of a study devoted to issues of family foreign migration to Russia. The management and control of external migration flows do not meet the needs of Russian society and the state in the context of contemporary geopolitical challenges. There is no system for the timely identification and assessment of risks, nor have effective risk management mechanisms been developed. As a result, the migration sphere has become a source of risks to social stability, as well as to state and individual security. The research hypothesis is based on the potential of a risk-oriented approach for optimizing public administration in the field of migration and improving the overall migration situation. For the purposes of this study, a specific segment of the Russian migration space–family foreign migration–was selected. At the first stage of the research, groups of foreign nationals–family members of migrants–were identified and classified according to their legal status, duration of stay, scale of inflows, and integration potential. This involved an analysis of academic literature on family migration, the theoretical foundations of the risk-oriented approach, and the use of relevant official statistical data. Although the statistical picture of migration processes remains highly fragmented, the analysis allowed to identify certain patterns that warrant further investigation. The gradation of migrant family members revealed that different groups initiate varying levels of risk. This allowed for the identification of four corresponding categories, with an opportunity for targeted policy measures for each group. The study confirms the potential of a risk-oriented approach for the timely identification of migration risks, their adequate assessment, and the development of an effective risk management system. Further research in this area will require a more comprehensive and in-depth examination of each group. This approach opens prospects for establishing a monitoring system for foreign citizens in Russia and developing optimal strategies for adaptation and integration into Russian society.