Axiological problems of the novel "Notes from Underground" by Fyodor Dostoevsky

The relevance of the research topic is related to the increased attention to the problem of values in modern society. Russian literature has always been associated with ethics and philosophy. The foundations of the axiological approach in literary criticism were laid in the works of various researchers: V.A. Svitelsky, A.P. Vlaskin, A.A. Kazakov, A.E. Kunilsky, E.V. Kuznetsova, and others. The purpose of the article is to show in practice the possibilities of an axiological approach for analyzing a work of fiction, in particular, the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Notes from the Underground". Each of the works of the Russian writer is based on value conflicts that are found both in the minds of the characters and in the interpersonal communication of characters with different axiological orientations. The novel "Notes from underground" consists of two parts: the diary entries of the hero, that is, his inner monologue and descriptions of events involving officers and a prostitute Lisa. This composition makes it possible to analyze axiological contradictions at different levels.Therefore, in the process of analyzing the story, it was necessary to show exactly what kind of value conflict and why arises in the mind of the hero of "Notes from the Underground", as well as how the value conflict unfolds in the hero's relationship with Lisa. The hero of "Notes from the Underground" is the first full-fledged representative of the hero-ideologist, whose value position finds expression in an idea. Raskolnikov, Arkady Dolgoruky, Ivan Karamazov and others will become his followers. The author also lays out the main conflict in this story, which is revealed through a system of opposing characters with opposing values. Dostoevsky will refer to the depiction of such a conflict throughout his novel work.