User Accessibility in Shopping Malls: Towards Compliance and Inclusive Design

Accessibility within shopping malls is a critical component of inclusive architectural design that ensures equitable use of spaces by all individuals, including persons with disabilities (PWDs). Despite the existence of national and international accessibility frameworks, such as Nigeria’s Persons with Disabilities (Accessibility) Regulations 2023 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, many commercial facilities in developing countries remain inadequately designed for universal access. This study examined the extent of user accessibility in selected shopping malls across Nigeria, identifying compliance gaps with established accessibility standards. A quantitative research approach was adopted, employing an observational checklist and structured questionnaire administered across fifteen malls in different regions. The collected data were analysed using descriptive and comparative statistical techniques. Findings revealed that while most malls provide basic access routes and entry points, significant deficiencies persist in key accessibility features such as ramps with handrails, tactile and braille signage, accessible restrooms, and auditory/visual information systems. In particular, inconsistencies in spatial circulation, emergency egress, and auxiliary amenities reflect widespread non-compliance with the Persons with Disabilities (Accessibility) Regulations 2023. The study concludes that some Nigerian shopping malls generally lack comprehensive accessibility planning, posing challenges to comfort, independence, and safety for users with disabilities. It recommends stricter enforcement of accessibility regulations, heightened stakeholder awareness, and the integration of accessible design principles into architectural practice. These measures are essential to fostering inclusive public environments and advancing Nigeria’s progress toward the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development