Effects of Artisan Work Practices on Health and Environment: A Case Study of Festac Town, Lagos

Artisan work practices are significant contributors to occupational health hazards and environmental degradation in urban areas. This study investigated the health and environmental impacts of artisan activities in Festac Town, Lagos, with the objectives of identifying work-related hazards, documenting associated health effects, and assessing environmental consequences. Then research was conducted between October 2022 and October 2024. A cross-sectional survey of 95 artisans revealed that 46 artisans confirmed work-related ailments, 35 presented possible symptoms, and 14 showed no noticeable ill health from exposures. Assessments indicated that 32 artisans confirmed acquiring noticeable ailments caused directly by their work materials and or work environment, and 41 confirmed indirectly being impacted by their work. 20 artisans were doubtful as to whether they were impacted directly while, 31 were doubtful as to whether they were impacted indirectly. 43 did not agree that they were directly impacted, and 23 did not agree that they were indirectly impacted at all. Reflecting variability in occupational risk, observed health effects included excessive skin darkening due to prolonged exposure to direct sunlight. Skin lesions, ocular defects e.g. cataracts, swollen fingertips, alterations in voice quality, musculoskeletal complaints, coughs and dermatological conditions were also prevalent. Environmental assessments revealed notable anthropogenic impacts such as localized disappearance of flora and fauna in areas where fuel, grease, and various types of liquid and solid wastes were indiscriminately disposed on swampy areas. These findings highlight the dual burden of occupational and environmental hazards associated with artisanal practices. The study shows urgent need for integrated interventions. Occupational health and safety awareness, provision of personal protective equipment, enforcement of environmental regulations, proper waste management, and adoption of sustainable work practices are essential to mitigate health risks, preserve ecological integrity, promote long-term occupational and environmental sustainability in urban artisan settings. The research provides empirical evidence to inform policy and public health strategies aimed at reducing the adverse effects of artisanal work on both human health and the surrounding environment, ultimately enhancing worker safety and urban ecosystem resilience.