The Potential Functions and Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Cognitive Impairment, Neuroinflammation, Blood–Brain Barrier Leakage, and Synaptic Dysfunction in the Offspring of Mice Exposed to Gestational Intermittent Hypoxia

Our results demonstrated that GIH-exposed mice exhibit cognitive deficits, alongside neuroinflammatory responses, leading to inflammasome activation, glial reactivity, BBB breakdown, and synaptic deficits. However, melatonin exerted significant protective effects against these deleterious effects.