Clinical Factors for Marked Granuloma-like Neoplasm at the Wound Site after Partial Glossectomy - A Retrospective Study

Abstract Introduction: Marked granuloma-like neoplasm (GLN) formation after partial glossectomy interferes with wound healing and complicates postoperative management. Although polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheets are frequently used in oral surgery, few studies have comprehensively evaluated GLN incidence with and without PGA application, particularly in tongue lesions. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analysed 110 patients (112 surgical sites) with tongue cancer or precancerous lesions who underwent partial glossectomy. GLN was defined as an abnormally protruding mass identified during postoperative healing. Clinical factors including patient background, surgical methods and postoperative findings were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors. Results: GLN was observed in 17 of 112 surgical sites (15.2%). Univariate analysis identified medical history affecting wound healing, malocclusion or abnormal dental arrangement and postoperative partial detachment of PGA sheets as significant risk factors. In contrast, intraoperative PGA sheet application alone was not significant ( P = 0.0501). All three factors remained independent risk factors in the multivariate model. Discussion: To reduce GLN risk, careful occlusal evaluation, preoperative management of medical conditions influencing wound healing and monitoring of PGA sheet detachment are advised. Early excision of granulation tissue may support wound healing and help distinguish GLN from tumour recurrence.