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Estrogen deficiency in women, particularly during menopause, increases bone resorption and decreases bone density, leading to a condition known as osteoporosis. Leucaena leucocephala Lam. de Wit contains flavonols with both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic properties, potentially affecting reproductive and bone health. This research aimed to assess the impact of L. leucocephala leaf extract on blood lipid profiles and the histological structure of lumbar bones in rats subjected to ovariectomy. A total of 28 ovariectomized rats were allocated into four treatment groups: K− (negative control; administered 0.5% CMC-Na), K+ (positive control; given 17β-estradiol at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg body weight/day), P1 (received L. leucocephala extract at 250 mg/kg BW/day), and P2 (received L. leucocephala extract at 300 mg/kg BW/day). All treatments were given daily for 30 consecutive days. Parameters measured included blood lipid levels (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL) and lumbar bone histology, focusing on osteoblast and osteoclast cell numbers as well as trabecular thickness. The 300 mg/kg BW dose significantly reduced total cholesterol and LDL levels, and increased HDL compared to the negative control. The 250 mg/kg BW dose lowered LDL and total cholesterol; however, did not significantly increase HDL. Both doses increased osteoblast counts and reduced osteoclast counts relative to the negative control, though the changes were not statistically significant. Trabecular thickness decreased in both extract-treated groups compared to the estradiol group. Administration of L. leucocephala leaf extract at 250 and 300 mg/kg BW/day for 30 days improved blood lipid profiles and modulated lumbar bone histological structure in ovariectomized rats.