Reconceptualising Artificial Intelligence in Education

The growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has illuminated not only the transformative potential of technology but also its ethical vulnerabilities. As AI systems mediate learning processes, assessment, and decision-making, concerns about algorithmic bias, data privacy, and cultural representation have become central to discussions on hybrid pedagogy. This chapter explores how educators and institutions move beyond surface-level awareness of bias toward the development of an ethical and culturally responsive framework for AI use in education. It examines how biases embedded in data, design, and deployment stages affect learning equity across cultural contexts. Through a combination of ethical theory, intercultural analysis, and case-based evidence, the chapter argues for a paradigm of AI responsibility grounded in transparency, inclusivity, and human dignity. Ultimately, it supports educators, policymakers, and technologists to ensure that hybrid pedagogies not only leverage AI's capabilities but also uphold fairness, trust, and cultural respect..