Cell Transformation Assays as Predictors of Human Carcinogenicity

4FRAME, Russell & Burch House, 96–98 North Sherwood Street, Nottingham NG1 4EE, UK; 5ECVAM, JRC Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy; 6Institute for In Vitro Sciences, 21 Firstfield Road, Suite 220, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA; 728/30 Via Trieste, 21030 Brinzio (VA), Italy; 8Division of Carcinogenesis and Differentiation, FSII, 0240, German Cancer Research Centre, im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; 9Covance Laboratories, Otley Road, Harrogate, North Yorkshire HG3 1PY, UK; 10Bureau of Chemical Substances and Preparations, Ministry of Land and Country Planning and Environment, 20 Avenue de Segur, 75302 Paris 07 SP, France; 11USC/Kenneth Norris Jr, Comprehensive Cancer Centre and Hospital, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, P.O. Box 33804, Los Angeles, CA 90033-0804, USA; 12Procter & Gamble, Temselaan 100, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Brussels, Belgium; 13Department of Toxicology, Hamburg University Medical School, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; 14Carcinogenesis Laboratory, FST Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1316, USA; 15Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity Section, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Seestrasse 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany; 16Institute for Cancer Research, Laboratory for Environmental and Occupational Cancer, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello, 0310 Oslo, Norway; 17Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Cellular and Genetic Toxicology, Hatano Research Institute/Food and Drug Safety Centre, 729-5 Ochiai, Hadano, Kanagawa 257, Japan; 18Centre des Sciences de l’Environnment, 1 rue des Recollets, BP 94025, 57040 Metz Cedex 1, France; 19IARC, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France